Global Warming and Climate Change

Question: As an environmental consultant to the UN, your role is to provide an outline on issues related to the impact of the climate change and global warming - at various levels - in relation to the environment in general and the living species (including humans) in particular. Analyse and discuss how this kind of environmental threat can be dealt with and how to minimise the impact. Answer: Introduction: Climate change and Global warming: Global warming and the climate change are due to emission of the green house gases which results in an average increase of the temperature globally. It is these human activities which act as a primary driver for climate change and increased global temperature (Brugge, 1996). With the wide range of changes in the environment, warming in the climate is evidenced. Rise in the temperature of the planet leads to the change in the climate and which in turn affects the weather, including change in the pattern of rainfall, timing of seasonal events also got changed, agricultural productivity changes and also the glacier retreats. Hence global warming is due to social and environmental changes occur by human activities (DEMIRBAS, 2004). https://cdn1.globalissues.org/i/climate/climate-human-fingerprints.jpg Image retrived from global warming. The climate system has been warmed due to many reasons. Human activities contributed a lot in global warming, one of the contribution of the human is burning of fossil fuels which increase the concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere and other activity of sulphur dioxide emission which results in formation of sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere and results in increase in the climate temperature (Hasselmann, 1997). Due to these human induced activities warming is lead on the large scale, irreversible and also acute changes in the physical systems are experienced (96/06588 Depletion of fossil fuels and the impacts of global warming, 1996). A little change happening anytime in the enviornment has always brought about bigger changes in the lifes of not only human being but also creature living under water and in the sky, these changes has negatively impacted the routine and even prolonged and sometimes brought about such lifelong changes that these creatures have never been able to come ba ck to normal. Hence due to this humatarian acts atmosphere is overloaded with the carbon dioxide and other poisnous and harmful gases which furthure threaten the climate with unexpected outcomes. Impact of climate change and global warming: A change in climate is such a phenomenon which is so complex and vast and complicated that the outcomes or the results of such cannot be predicted or prejudged on a short span of time. These climate changes and global warming has a vital social impact on the society, which is directly related to public heath, increase in the movement of population, reducing state capacity, enviormental damages and hinderance to development of the human race. The harmful pollutants like carbon dioxide are getting collected in the atmosphere as a thick blanket, which traps the sunheats and results in the warming up of the planet. According to the scientist climate change has an adverse effect on our economy, health and communities in many different ways and if these changes in the climates donot stop, the outcomes will be disastrous (Kerr, 2002). As the changing climate effects all water resources, energy supplier resources, ecosytems, it also poses a serious challange to the human health by the follow ing ways: It brings about increase in ill health and even in some cases death due to extreme heat. Increase in transmission ofsome diseases through food, water and insects. Group of people, including children, old age people and the poor people are more likely to be affected by the climate realted health problems. All these changes in the climate resulted with a great impact on the economy and the society. The warming oceans and the changing climates resulted in the changes in weather patterns and these changes in the weather give rise to some new and re-emerging infectious diseases. Each year increased temperature in the weather is in itself a proof of present unstable climate. Two most important effects which this change in climate have are warming and variability of weather, which means that thousands and millions of people in the world face a risk of getting seriously infected by dangerous diseases. This change of weather ofthen results into floods and spread of world wide diseases. Almost all the diseases which are mosquito borne are infact the most hillarius threat and danger to humanity, these consisits of malaria, yellow fever, dengue, elephantiasis, etc. Near the oceans as the temperature increases, risk of multiplication of mosquitoes and their other disease causing breeds enhances and thus risk of an epedemic malaria increases by many folds into the developed universe. Climate change and the species: This increase of global temperature in the climate has disrupted the ecosystem and results in the extinsion of the species which cannot adapt themselves into the change climate. In a survey it is expected that this continous rise in the temperature will result into extinction of around one million species till 2050. Around 2000 of species which includes plants and animals have discovered to have made a movement towards the south pole and north pole areas of the world, at an expected average of 3.9 miles for every 10 years, Also there latest report in the US for change in climate states that 25-35 % of species which are in existence till date shall be at a risk of getting finished if such a change or increase in temperature results in 2.7 to 4.5 degrees enhansement in years to come. Some of the species which are sea habitat ones like the penguins , have shrunk by around 30-35 % due to this rise in temperature and decline in winters sea ice, also sea animals like fishes, etc have start ed being affected by the acidic water which the normal water has changed into as a result of mixing of carbon di oxide into it, The speech less species has been on the edge of getting very highly effected and surely our children or their childrens shall not at all be in a position to see such beautiful creatures and they shall become history, Many polar bears are sinking into the water because they have to tarvel a long distance swimming to reach ice areas, Some important and world level studies has revealed that almost 2/3rd of the polar bear population shall by extinct as a result of fast melting ice at the arctic areas, these polar bear are loosing their grounds for hunting and as a result are fast dying because of starvation(Crossman, Bryan and Summers, 2011). The changed climate has also affected locations where the creatures used to brught up their young ones, the most important example of such affected animals are swans and ducks, these animals now rarely get a moist place fo r their survival. The global warming and life and death of so many creature are directly propotional to each other, With acute change in climate the life span and life cycle of the wild life is greatly affected(Matawal and Maton, 2013). Global warming has resulted into droughts inthe wetter areas and floods in the areas which are normally dry, these climatic changes are found to be destructive and disturb the plant life which inturn affects the wildlife depending on the plants for their food. These floods not only destroy the habitiat of the animals but also the food sources on which the animals depends (Cvijanovic and Caldeira, 2015). How to deal with climate change: Climate change and global warming are contributed by both natural and the complex public issues, but human beings can contribute a lot to deal with these climate change issues. As climate change is a global problem, so had to be handled on an international level many steps to be taken for greenhouse gas emission, forest conservation and to help the poorer countries to adapt the impacts of global warming. Following are the few steps which helps to deal with this climate change: Mitigation: The greenhouse gases which are responsible for climate change, emission of such gases is reduced and helps in less change in the climate. Mitigation is happening on local and personal levels. U.S cities and states are committied to reduce the effect of greenhouse gases in the comming decades. This can happen by using the hybrid vehicles, using Led light saving bulbs and to grow a business and organisation which is carbon neutral (Fearnside, 2009). Adaptation: Adaptation helps to deals with the consequences of climate change, such as extreme changes in the weather conditions. Through the process of adaption the farmers are changing there harvesting and planting schedules, and are giving exposure to the dought resisitant plant by planting them in large numbers (Feddema and Freire, 2001). Business as usual: Its also helps to deal with climate change by saving expenditure on the mitigation in near term and is also risked with higher cost for adaptaion to the wild life, infrastructure, human populations and economics (Global warming Problem with environmental and economical impacts, 2013). Already there are changes in the climate and the other changes in the climate are still to be adapted by the oceans, society and atmosphere. Hence for preventing extreme change to happen mtigation is required. And to deal with this climate change situation democratic societies have to find balance between mitigation, adaptation and the social and economic concerns. Reduce the impact of global warming: Human beings can do a lot of things to minimise the impact of global warming and climate change on the enviornment. Reduction in the use of fossil fuels helps a lot in decreasing the level of green house gases (Perry, 1992). Usage of non polluting energy sources like solar energy and wind energy, in daily life and less energy consumption by using energy efficient appliances, compact led light bulbs and reduction in gasoline use will help in decreasing the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and will give healthy enviornment to live in. Carbon dioxide gas is the main source of greenhouse gas, hence planting of more trees helps in to slow down or stop the global warming. As Plants inhales the carbon dioxide and relases the oxygen. Tropical rainforest contributes upto 20 percent to the worlds carbon dioxide emisssion, hence steps to be taken to reduce deforestation. Recycling of the waste material helps in minimising the green house gases effect. Garbage production directly o r indirectly contributes to the global warming, reduction in the consumption patterns and recycling the waste helps to minimise our carbon footprints in the enviornment (Singh and Purohit, 2014). Recycling of waste material such as metal, plastic, glass and paper helps in lowering the emission of green house gases, since energy used for recycling is lesser as compared to energy used for manufacturing items from scratch. Conservation of water also plays an important role in the greenhouse gas emission, as lot of energy is used for purifing the water, hence water saving reduces the energy consumption. The National Renewable energy laboratory of USA act as a hub for the research and development of the renewable energy, which includes fuel from Biomass, wind, photovolatics and to save energy from technology used for vehicle fuel, electric infrastructure systems and constructing buildings. In an online research 23,900,000 results were found for renewable energy which is a clear indication that solution for fossil fuel is hunted globally. Many colleges and universities are also focusing on the research of renewable energy, which includes UCARs member and international afilliated universities(Tol, 2010). In 1994 united states with many other countries has originated the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convetion on Climate Change), which recognised that climate change and global warming has no boundaries and all the nation should cooperate at international level to find solution for the problems originated due to the green house gases. The Kyoto protocol policy was the first democratic process emerged from the UNFCCC process and this protocol sets the targets for reducing green house gases emissions. Conclusion: It is the human activities which contributes a lot to the global warming, hence Think global act local is the strongest idea for green movement, collective and global measures or steps must be taken and that too in a very serious mode all together among people of all countries of the world to tackle with this alarming situtaion or be ready for unbelivable consequences which would result into distinction of almost all the species of this planet sooner or later. This mother earth of ours shall no more be a place to live in if this global warming and climate change continues at the same speed its going on (Clery, 2006). References 96/06588 Depletion of fossil fuels and the impacts of global warming. (1996).Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 37(6), p.460. Brugge, R. (1996). Climate change - from ice ages to global warming.Weather, 51(10), pp.354-355. Clery, D. (2006). GLOBAL WARMING: Climate Change Demands Action, Says U.K. Report.Science, 311(5761), pp.592b-592b. Crossman, N., Bryan, B. and Summers, D. (2011). Identifying priority areas for reducing species vulnerability to climate change.Diversity and Distributions, 18(1), pp.60-72. Cvijanovic, I. and Caldeira, K. (2015). Atmospheric impacts of sea ice decline in CO2 induced global warming.Clim Dyn, 44(5-6), pp.1173-1186. DEMIRBAS, A. (2004). Bioenergy, Global Warming, and Environmental Impacts.Energy Sources, 26(3), pp.225-236. Fearnside, P. (2009). Global warming in Amazonia: impacts and Mitigation.Acta Amazonica, 39(4), pp.1003-1011. Feddema, J. and Freire, S. (2001). Soil degradation, global warming and climate impacts.Clim. Res., 17, pp.209-216. Frlicher, T., Winton, M. and Sarmiento, J. (2013). Continued global warming after CO2 emissions stoppage.Nature Climate change, 4(1), pp.40-44. Global warming Problem with environmental and economical impacts. (2013).Nus Biosci, 5(2). Hasselmann, K. (1997). Climate Change: Are We Seeing Global Warming?.Science, 276(5314), pp.914-915. Kerr, R. (2002). CLIMATE CHANGE: Reducing Uncertainties of Global Warming.Science, 295(5552), pp.29a-31. Matawal, D. and Maton, D. (2013). Climate Change and Global Warming: Signs, Impact and Solutions.International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, pp.62-66. Perry, A. (1992). The economic impacts, costs and opportunities of global warming.Progress in Physical Geography, 16(1), pp.97-100. Singh, A. and Purohit, B. (2014). Public Health Impacts of Global Warming and Climate Change.Peace Review, 26(1), pp.112-120. Tol, R. (2010). The Economic Impact of Climate Change.Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, 11, pp.13-37.

Irac Essay Sample Question - Know Your Source Before You Write

Irac Essay Sample Question - Know Your Source Before You WriteIn order to have a well-written academic essay, it is important to understand the concept of essay sample question. The fact that you are writing this is because you want to gain knowledge on the topic that you are going to write about. However, it is not just a pre-requisite to achieve excellence in writing, but also to have a reasonable score for admission to the school.To give you an idea, we will look at some important aspects of the essay sample question. First of all, an essay sample question is intended to be a challenge to the writer. It is designed to test the ability of the writer to think in depth about a certain subject or topic.Once you learn the concept of essay sample question, you will know that there are many ways through which you can approach this. You may choose to take the course that provides you with the exact format of the essay sample question. Or, you may choose to take your own approach and write the same on your own.If you use a method, it is not wise to base your writing on any written materials that you may have access to. It is the responsibility of the teacher to identify the right method and to present the same to the students in the right manner.For example, if you choose to write an essay sample question on an English literature, the process should be clearly defined and explained in the lesson. And, if you are using your own approach and writing in your own terms, it is required that you acknowledge the basic components of the essay. The teachers will require you to present your idea first, analyze it thoroughly and see if it is plausible or not.You should address the students' questions and help them understand and verify the way that you view the subject. You should also include the subjects which you personally would study and highlight the same. You can also give some thought on what the next step is when the essay is complete.Helping the students to understand the direction you are taking in the essay and informing them that you plan to study more about the subject are two important aspects that you need to provide. A great deal of time and effort goes into producing an essay sample question and, therefore, you must put as much effort in creating the same as well. The question must be challenging, so that you will be able to come up with the most remarkable work and have a high chance of success.

Evolution of Imperial Rule in Japan and China

Introduction China and Japan have established themselves as the most significant players in East Asian affairs. The two nations have the most developed economies in the region and both of their political systems are well established. In spite of the differences in government system, Japan and China have had an empire system at some point in their history.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution of Imperial Rule in Japan and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this system of governance has faced marked changes in both countries. While the Japan government continues to have a constitutional monarchy who is mostly a symbolic leader with no real political power, the empire system was completely abolished in China. The current success of both nations can be attributed to the political systems adopted by each country. With this in mind, this paper will provide an analytical comparison of the shift from an empire system by both Japan and China. Analytical Comparison Both China and Japan had a well-established emperor system until the 20th century. The emperor system existed for centuries and played a crucial role in the affairs of the country. Emperors were the supreme rulers who acted as the unifying forces for the nations. Qingde (2003) documents that the complete establishment of the imperial system in China appeared in 221 BCE with the establishment of the Qin Dynasty. The imperial system of the Qin Dynasty was able to unify the warring states and build a strong and centralized nation that had the emperor as its core. A dictatorship of highest imperial power and the establishment of a mobile elite political structure characterized this system. Due to centralization, private ownership of land was directly under the control of the state. Through land privatization and the designation of the individual family as a production unity, the Chinese imperial system served as the basis for the economic survival of the entire state. In its formative years, the imperial system in China faced contention from multiple groups including independent regimes by warlords and dominance by scholar officials. This caused the monarchy to use every means possible to maintain their hold on power and control their subjects.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Qingde (2003) reveals that rulers pursued absolute power, which could only be achieved by crushing any opposing power. In addition to this, the power of the common people was weakened in order to enhance the absolute power of the emperor. Japan imperialism was borrowed from the older Chinese system in 660 BC. In the early years, the Japan emperor was a religious leader and the position of emperor was integral to the country’s harmony since the emperor was the symbol of unity and continuity (Ohnuki-Tierney, 1998). Over the centurie s, Japan faced many political upheavals and civil wars that greatly disrupted the growth of the country. Interestingly, the emperor’s position remained undamaged with the warring factions always protected this largely symbolic leader. By the 8th century, the Imperial System was at its peak and the Emperor enjoyed the support of all his subjects. However, the system disintegrated and only came back during the Meiji restoration of 1868. The imperial rulers adopted the doctrine of the Mandate of heaven, which justified their right to rule. In China, this doctrine led to leaders who cultivated virtue in their administration (Picken, 1997). Both imperial systems established capitals, which were meant to act as the centers for a world order led by the monarchy. Towards the end of the 7th century, the Chinese emperor established the city of Luoyang as the core of a world order. The Japanese imperial system also established Nara as a capital as preparation by Japan to participate in the new order. Imperial rule contributed to the economic and political development of China and Japan. Through imperial rule, China was able to advance from its feudal system to becoming a nation with a strong economic and social order with imperialism at its political center. Empire Shifts by China and Japan The most significant shift in China and Japan’s imperial rule came in the early 20th century through the Qing Reform and the Meiji Restoration respectively. Both shifts were made as an attempt by leaders by both countries to make structural adjustments to meet the challenges of western incursions. While the Meiji Restoration was a spectacular success, the Qing Reform was a huge failure that ended in the abolishment of monarchy rule.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Evolution of Imperial Rule in Japan and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Outcome in China In its final years, the Qing dynasty und er Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor GuangXu took initiative for reforms. Hua (2004) states that these reform efforts that were aimed at changing the traditional social structure and advancing China economically and militarily failed in the face of western incursions. The dynasty was unable to protect the country against foreign incursions and the efficiency of the government was greatly crippled. The capacity of the central government was very limited and it could not even collect enough revenue to meet normal government expenditure. The Chinese Imperial system was abolished following the 1911 revolution that was led by Dr Sun Yat Sen. The Sun led revolutions led to the collapse of the Qing dynasty and the subsequent establishment of the Republic of China therefore bringing to an end the centuries long reign of monarchy in China (Picken, 1997). There was a final attempt to reinstate monarchy rule by Yuan Shikai in 1915. As the President of China, Yuan attempted to consolidate power and reestablish China as an Empire with him serving as the Great Empire. These attempts were met by resistance by both revolutionary elements and military leaders who engaged in violent opposition to the reinstatement of monarchy rule. By 1916, Yuan had to abandon his plans for a Chinese monarchy and the National Assembly with a provisional constitution was restored therefore reestablishing China as a republic governed through the constitution. The Change from empire was followed by civil war and an ineffective government that plunged China into impoverishment. The early years of the Chinese republic were marked by disunity and violence between warlords as each tried to establish a sphere of influence. The state of affairs began to change following the establishment of communist rule in China. A strong centralized government was established in 1949 under the leadership of Mao Zedong (Qingde, 2003). Mao was able to eliminate the old system and replace it by a new order, which was cha racterized by industrialization programs and more equitable distribution of land resources.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mao was able to eliminate the old system and replace it by a new order, which was characterized by industrialization programs and more equitable distribution of land resources among the country’s population. Outcome in China Japan’s imperial system during the Meiji Restoration exhibited a marked shift from the historical emperor system. To begin with, the new imperial system was based on the Western monarchies. The Emperor ceased to be a symbolic figure and he was elevated to the position of sovereign ruler of Japan. Hua (2004) reveals that in the Meiji constitution, the Emperor attained nearly absolute political and military power therefore becoming the head of state in command of the country’s military. Another significant shift during Emperor Meiji’s reign is that the monarchy stopped being dictatorial and a system of representative was incorporated. By doing this, Japan was able to achieve modernization and defend itself effectively against Western incursion. Owing to the development enjoyed under the imperial rule, Japan was able to engage in aggressive military expansionism ventures especially against neighboring China and Korea. Picken (1997) observes that the Japanese Imperial system remains to be a controversial political institution with some praising it as a source of Japanese stability and tranquility while others condemn it as a cause of war and the attempt at world domination by Japan during the 20th century. Japan was forced to make major changes to its imperial system following its defeat in World War II by the Allied forces. The international community held the emperor responsible for the atrocities carried out by Japanese forces during the war. A new constitution was drafted where the emperor’s powers were stripped and a democracy established in the country. The emperor was therefore retained as a symbol of state with little power. Japan is today a strong democracy and it is unlikely that it will revert to an emperor-centered state (Kersten, 2003). Conclusion This paper set out to compare the shifts in government system by Japan and China. To this end, the paper has shown that the emperor system played a major role in the historical development of both countries. The paper has revealed that the imperial system existed for more than 2000 years and it led to the unification of the country. The shift in imperial rule in both countries occurred in the 20th century with the system being abolished in China while Japan continued to prosper under it. Without the dominance of the imperial system, the Chinese socio-political establishment suffered. Japan was forced to change the role of its emperor by the occupying American forces at the end of World War II. References Hua, S. (2004). The Meiji Restoration (1868) and the Late Qing Reform (1898) Revisited: Strategies and Philosophies. An International Quarterly, 21 (3), 3-22. Kersten, R. (2003). Revisionism, reaction and the ‘symbol emper or’ in post-war Japan. Japan Forum, 15(1), 15–31. Ohnuki-Tierney, E. (1998). The emperor of Japan as deity (kami). Ethnology, 30(3), 1-15. Picken, S.D. (1997). The Imperial Systems in Traditional China and Japan: A Comparative Analysis of Contrasting Political Philosophies and Their Contemporary Significance. Asian Philosophy, 7 (2), 109-122. Qingde, C. (2003). The Dual Nature of the Imperial System and the Development of China’s National Economy. Chinese Sociology and Anthropology, 35 (4), 3–32. This essay on Evolution of Imperial Rule in Japan and China was written and submitted by user Ultimo to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Chivalry essays

Chivalry essays Slaying dragons, fighting for honor, rescuing damsels-surely, these must make a knight. Georges Duby, in his work William Marshal: The Flower of Chivalry, challenges this stereotypical fairytale presumption by examining the demands and intricacy of the knights code of chivalry. This code, which played such an influential part in the choices made by the knights of old, still echoes in current customs. Completely immersed in the idea of chivalry from the earliest days of childhood, the demands of chivalry lived and breathed within each knight. Each story he heard, every song he sang emanated the rules of the ethic (86). Loyalty stood foremost among the requirements. A man was expected to keep his word, never betraying his sworn faith (86). But such an expectation was not always the truth, as the knight measured his loyalty according to a strict hierarchical framework (86). Should loyalties conflict, the knight first remained loyal to those closet to him politically. Faith owed to more distant allies proved rather flexible when eclipsed by stronger ties (86). With this hierarchical loyalty, no one could take offense at being displaced by a closer commitment (86). Stepping 800 years into the future, relations continue to emphasize the importance of loyalty. Siblings stand up and fight for each other. Husbands and wives take vows to remain loyal to each other. Sports players bond both on and off the practice field. All kinds of clubs, groups, and even gangs not only count on, but also depend on the loyalty of their members for survival. In addition to forming such personal loyalties, we as Americans weave ties to intangible elements. We swear allegiance to the American principle, rather than to an individual such as the President. We remain loyal to religious ideas instead of a particular priest or pastor. Through the adoption of these loyalties, our present society steps beyond the knight...

People tastes in digital culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

People tastes in digital culture - Essay Example This is a characteristic feature of modern times social networking sites, where people sitting in two different parts of the world are in contact yet people who are side by neighbors, or even in single apartment don’t get to know and hear from each other for days. The response and the approach observed by her is highly reflective of how the overall contacts are being handled and conducted in modern times. So much so, it has eliminated the need for traveling and seeing the people who are at other places. This technological shift has enabled watching and getting in touch with people who are not just across the border, but also across the ocean and across the continent. With technology taking over every domain of life and society, this trend is bound to increase its scope and everything and every individual is bound to become more digital in coming times(Turkle, 2011). Out of all it can be deduced that there is no digital divide yet there is a massive physical divide and it is bo und to get ripe and more visible as the technology penetrates more into our life with times ahead. Technology promises much more in times ahead and more isolation of human beings from one another is expected. The mankind has become dependent on the machine. Question 2: HOW DID HE DO IT? (Isaacson) While it is an understood fact that entire surrounding is occupied by digital gadgets and electronic devices, very few would deny the fact that what we are seeing today is mostly the contribution of certain individuals. While Bill gates is one of the most notable figure being celebrated and talked about in many corners all over the world, the man who is perhaps equally or slightly more responsible for the present day gadgets is none other than the man who is known by many names. The names which are of characteristics feature and precede his real world name. These include the name of being a pioneer, a proponent, a legendry man, an electronic device guru, an innovator, a visionary leader, a motivator. The names and list can go on, but these all define one man who was known as Steve Jobs by the world. From I Pod to I Pad to I pad 2, to I phone, all sum up the man’s performance and his contribution to the modern times gadgets(Imbimbo, 2011). All that we see today, all the gadgets that are in our hands, in our pockets, in our pouches, on our tables, on the walls, are all the gifts of the geniuses of one man himself. Starting the journey from a small garage, leading to a small company, followed by Atari development and further followed by venture collaboration with Apple Inc. This man never looked back, and he was gifted with qualities of geniuses, innovation, and creativity. He had the ability of thinking out of the box and outsmarting his competitors. Perhaps this is the sole reason, his inventions; his geniuses are still ruling the world and markets of technology despite his sad demise from this world. Apple I phone 5 was an example of this entire journey that w as recently being unveiled despite the demise of the man himself last year who has been behind this entire concept of innovation, smartness, ubiquity, sleekness, user friendliness and many other features and functions. Success is not the kind of door that can be opened only with one

Formal Analysis Essay for Art History Class Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Formal Analysis for Art History Class - Essay Example (55.4 x 37.78 cm) (Plate) 25 3/4 x 18 5/8 inches. (65.41 x 47.31 cm) (sheet, irregular) (Artnet Worldwide Corporation, 2013). As a result, the painting is clear and visible to the naked eye where the audience enjoys its artistic perfection. Most notable is the color engraving, soft-ground etching, and scorper that define the texture, boundary, and coloration of the painting. Andre Racz who was an artist and professor of painting and sculpture made the painting in North America, United States in 1945 (Artnet Worldwide Corporation, 2013) (20th Century) with an adoption of the North America culture although he was born in Romania. Notably, there is a pencil inscription depicting the sign and date of signing on the painting, Perseus Beheading Medusa (ARCADJA, 2013). The painting received credit from the Credit?Gift of funds from the Print and Drawing Council with an accession Number?P.99.12.1. The painting, Perseus Beheading Medusa depicts the image of Perseus cutting the head off the Me dusa. Medusa also refers to the guardian protectress (Wallace, 2003). More so, the media terms Medusa as a Gorgon or a monster who was conversely a very beautiful maiden (Wallace, 2003). Nevertheless, Medusa desecrated the goddess Athena's temple by sleeping there with Poseidon prompting Poseidon to turn her into a monster with live snakes covering her head (Wallace, 2003). As such, the media refers to the Medusa as a monster with a face of a hideous human female with living venomous snakes on her head. Although, Medusa had three beautiful sisters, Medusa was the only moral one and her beauty mesmerized Poseidon. On the contrary, Medusa did not care about Poseidon and hence he turned her and her sisters into monsters (Wallace, 2003). Because of the aspect of being a monster, any person looking directly at the Medusa would immediately turn into stone (Wallace, 2003). In the same kingdom, Perseus was the son of Danae who later fell in love with Polydectes (Wallace, 2003). Subject to t he love affair between Perseus mother and Polydectes, Polydectes hatched a plot to kill Perseus by sending him to fetch the head of Medusa the monster (Wallace, 2003). However, the gods loved Perseus and helped him to succeed in cutting Medusa’s head. Indeed, they gave Perseus winged sandals, a curved sword, a helmet that made Perseus invisible, and a mirror like shield which allowed him to see a reflection of Medusa’s face and to avoid being turned into stone (Wallace, 2003). With these materials, Perseus was able to cut the head of Medusa and hence the painting according to the media. In addition, the media asserts that later on, the hero Perseus used the head of Medusa as a weapon before handing over the head to the goddess of Athena (Wallace, 2003). The painting, Perseus Beheading Medusa is a bronze sculpture and has been one of the most famous statues in modern art. At the time of producing this painting, Hayter and other artists were working at Atelier 17 where t hey were actively experimenting in color printing techniques. The painting has a dull look and depicts the sketchy image of a person holding a head. The person is also holding a sword on the right hand. The painting has artist's proof, signed, dated, titled, and inscribed "A/A" in pencil at the lower margin (ARCADJA, 2013). It has a very good, dark impression, a warm plate tone, and inky edges (ARCADJA, 2013). The black lines

Vulnerable Population Health

Vulnerable Population Health Introduction Vulnerable population has become a burden for the United States as because their lacks of economic stability, improper health care service, social ignorance and so many other controversial factors. As they are considered as an important portion of the total U.S. population, thats why they are to be treated equally compared to the other U.S. citizens. One of the complex issues in their current situation is their health related problems. Their mental health problem and the drug abuse are two issues that have made them out of success. The goal set by the U.S. department of health and human services named â€Å"healthy people 2010 goals† is largely depends on this vulnerable population. Furthermore, in addition others things are also becoming obstacle to get the success. Hispanics and African American represent a large portion of entire U.S. population. Hispanics generally come from the Latin countries and Africa American from the content Africa. But the most important fact is that, among them a huge number of people are homeless and it is to be said the self-contradictory characteristic of U.S. the richest country of the world. These communities are suffering from improper health care services and have the high tendency to suicide. Their education background is also vulnerable compared to the whites. In this case the nurses can play a major role in regarding both providing the better health care services and educate this vulnerable population. There are also some other health related problems that can be solved by making a positive atmosphere by the nurses. The nurses need to know and understand in what circumstances they will act and how they will do that. The homeless population is a social group considered as a vulnerable because these homeless are at an increased risk for adverse health-related outcomes. Recognize and understand the homelessness and the relationship From the last two decades a good number of American cities experienced epidemics which challenged some beliefs. These people are concerned for affecting with HIV, violence, substance abuse, asthma, infant mortality or so many others factor. The vulnerable population is to be said the most sufferers in this case. However, there are a lot of complexities in regarding the health issues from the perspective of this population. Now, in America ‘a huge number of homeless people is a huge headache for the government as well as for the health and human services. This homeless inner city Spanish people are not only poor but also weak in health. According to the ‘human Rights Record of the United States in 2005, US has 727,304 homeless people nationwide. It reminds tha t one in every 400 Americans are living without home. The Los Angeles, according to the statistics is the capital of homeless people. The United States dubs that it is the worlds richest country, but the report given by the London school of Economics represents that U.S is has the highest poverty rate among the developed countries. This report also says that U.S. has the worst social inequality. Among them the Hispanics are at the top of the list. Now this community includes approximately 35.3 million people. By 2050, approximately 102 million Hispanics will reside in the United States which is nearly 24.5 percent of the total U.S. population. So it is needless to mention that if Hispanics experience poorer health status, then the expected demographic change will magnify the adverse economic, social, and health impact of such disparities in the United States. (J. Pumariega n.d.). Hispanic origin women can be from any race. According to estimation the Hispanic includes 63 percent Mex ican American, 14 percent central and South Americans, 11 percent Puerto Ricans and the rest 8 percent are from other. Among them 90 percent resides at the urban areas and 70 percent concentrated in 6 states-California, Texas, New York, Florida, New Jersey and Illinois. Black or African American are second at the list of vulnerable population in the United States. This origin has more undetected diseases and more chronic diseases comparatively to the whites. Inadequate housing, dangerous job and improper medical care represents the limited access of African American to the prerequisites for improved and safety health status includes better education, higher incomes and use of health care services as needed. Various types of risk factors are also involved in the daily activities of this population. â€Å"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Healthy People 2010 goals† has provided several instructions in regarding to the health issues of this vulnerable population. The large portions of this vulnerable population are suffering from mental, psychiatric and substance abuse problem. Besides this the drug problem should be mentioned if health related factors described. The Hispanics are more than two times more likely than whites to indicate current drug abuse. So, such types of problems lead to a number of big problems that is quite impossible to handle. To improve and develop the health of this population, the nurses can keep a major role strongly. The nurses need to understand the various nursing environment and they should response in accordance with the environment. In the environment of vulnerable population the nurses expand their knowledge base in leaps and bounds. The nurses need to be supported into this field and others. Health issues Mental problem The previous study found that the ratio of homeless people is highest among the Hispanics. As these Hispanics are homeless, they suffer from various kinds of mental problems and that is a national concern as well. Hence, the street beggars and those sleeping in public places have increased among the Hispanics. Homeless people are in want of emotional support, caring professionals and help that work within their frame of reality. Notably, each homeless group has different demographics and health needs. There are some denominators that are the obstacles in regarding to access health care. Nurses are the best effective means of serving the needs of these homeless people. Nurse-managed clinics can be a better solution to provide these needs and wants. However, with the help of these clinics homeless people can get continuity of care, suitable follow up, and teaching to aid in illness prevention. The freer clinic needs to be established so that the nurses can provide and meet the health n eeds and of homeless community. Among the Hispanics the mental, psychiatric and substance abuse problem has described as one of the problem of health issues. Another problem is the drug abuse problem. Several recent reports and researches provide the identified problems in access to and caring services that affects the Hispanics groups. The 2006 national healthcare Disparities report says that Hispanics scored lower that European American on 90% of access measures. (Armando W. 2007 et all) The focused research of this report is to improve the systems of care in order to deliver more equitable services. But the question is who will provide this desired service to this population and how they will do it. Point to be noted; â€Å"only 1% of licensedpsychologists and American Psychological Association membersare Hispanic†. (Armando W. 2007 et all). So, generally they are not in the field of getting proper support in their mental problems. It is known that the Hispanics are not efficient in speaking English. So when they conduct with the health service provider then as expected they got lower facilities because of language barriers. However, who are expert in English get more facilities and most severe symptom ratings, followed by those who spoke only English or only Spanish during the interview. Health insurance is a critical issue in Hispanic health factors. One third of the Hispanic population lacks it, which is double the national average. Hispanics comprises the largest ethnic minority group in the United States. The previous study found that â€Å"Mexican immigrants had considerably lower lifetime prevalence rates of major mental disorders than did-U.S. born Mexican Americans.†(R. Lopez, 2000). There are some demographic and risk factors in the perspective of Hispanic vulnerable population. The prevalence of mental health problems varied by racial or ethnic group. Among State prisoners, 62% of white inmates, compared to 55% of blacks and 46% of Hispanics, were found to have a mental health problem.(J. James E. Glaze, 2006) Among Hispanics Americans fewer than 1 in 11 do contact with specialist and 1 in 5 contact general health care provider. One national study found that only 24 percent of Hispanics received appropriate care compared to 34 percent of whites. What nurses can do The psychiatric-mental health nurses are efficient and educationally prepared to provide the full range of health services. The primary mental health care services are the first needs to face the challenges. To do so, some especial educational programs should be provided to the nurse practitioners.teh psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner is advanced practice registered nurses who focus to develop the psychiatric disorders or mental health problem. They provide the wide range of settings to the patients who are seeking primary mental health services. The promotion of optimal mental health, prevention and treatment of mental health problem are the function of these nurses. They play a vital role in assisting people to identify the causes of the possible results of stress. Nursing care can be delivered on a one to one basis. The mental health nurses play a key role in the primary health care team efficiently. They are also expert in health education and promotion, seeking the ge neral public Substance abuse Substance abuse refers to the abuse of drugs or alcohol that is primarily illicit. Hispanics are mostly known as â€Å"hard-to-reach† population in the context of health communication. Drug use among Hispanics has a sparse which is vastly higher than among who are surrounded by their own culture. Drug abuse among the Hispanics is another concern for the government as well as for the future generation. The following are the risk factors in regarding to the drug abuse among the Hispanics in United States. Rates for illicit drug abuse and dependence are highest for Hispanics (7.8%). Hispanic adolescents are more likely to abuse drugs; especially crack cocaine, heroin, and ‘ice, than are adolescents from other ethnic groups. An overview of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Healthy People 2010 goals Healthy people 2010 is planned to achieve two overarching goals: Increase quality and years of healthy life The first step of â€Å"healthy people 2010† is to help individuals of all ages increase life expectancy and improve their quality of life. Eliminate health disparities: The second goal of healthy people 2010 is eliminate the health disparities among different segment of the population. ‘Healthy People 2010 is a set of health objectives for the Nation to achieve over the first decade of the new century. It can be used by many different people, States, communities, professional organizations, and others to help them develop programs to improve health. Healthy People 2010 builds on initiatives pursued over the past two decades. The 1979 Surgeon Generals Report, Healthy People, and Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives both established national health objectives and served as the basis for the development of State and community plans. Like its predecessors, Healthy People 2010 was developed through a broad consultation process, built on the best scientific knowledge and designed to measure programs over time. Healthy people objectives have been designed by the congress as the evaluation for assessing the development of the Indian health care improvement act. What nurses can do in regarding homeless Hispanics or African American and their mental health problem Mental health nurses advocate in collaboration with psychiatrists and the other practitioners to provide services as for example monitoring the Hispanics patient, mental state, managing medication and developing the links to other health care professionals and clinical service providers. Their providing services are in a range of setting and are provided at little or no cost to the patient. The homeless Hispanics and African American both are growing rapidly in context of population. They are not only growing but also their mental health is dis-improving day by day as they are considered as vulnerable population. It has been mentioned earlier that Hispanics are the largest minority community in the United States. The percentage of homeless African American is also high in United States. They are also vulnerable because of most of them are homeless and suffering from controversial mental health problem. They do feel some bad feelings about their origin root and thats why they are still in back position. In this regard, the nurses can play a major role to manipulate this community to improve their mental health. Mentality is the drive that influences people toward every outcome whether it is positive or negative. Hence, the nurses role in educating the Hispanics homeless population about how to access health care and addresses their health needs should be reflected in a systematic manner. The nurses can make them understood about the benefit of better health that will make them established at their desired level. There are a lot of people among the Hispanics who are not able to say or understand the English. In this case, the nurses have a better opportunity to teach them about the benefit of speaking English. Whenever you talk about the vulnerable or homeless people then the word needs to mention. The racial issue is a very sophisticated factor in regarding the vulnerable population. It does reflect the whole picture of vulnerable population in America. The vulnerable population should be treated in accordance with the proper plan and therefore, there also should not be any complexity. Notably, here needs to talk about the nursing aids and its function. Nursing aids is to care for physically or mentally weak, injured, disabled, and mental health setting. Nursing aids is applicable for those who are in need of a long term care. Their specialty is defined by their specific care. In context of homeless Hispanics, these nursing aids should be implemented to get the better result and overcome the problem existed among this community. The nursing aids help elderly or disabled person live in their own home instead of health care facilities. The nurses can give the instruction about how the homeless Hispanics can lead a better life after being educated and having a good health. Therefore, the better health is needed to fulfill the goals set by the â€Å"healthy people 2010† project. Lower rates of health care use by Hispanics judge against with non-Hispanics white person-in context of hospitalization, physician visit, prescribed medicine, and specific preventive service—have been found. A numerous studies found differences in culturally based attitudes in regarding health care and barriers presented by language. It has been also found that Hispanics who are less assimilated into U.S. culture face more wide-ranging barriers than those who have become acculturated with U.S. culture. Hence, there is an impact on the basis of relation between culture and use of service is quite mixed. In addition, insurance status has a larger impact on use of health care services. It is duty for the nurses to identify the specific factors that affect the function of health care services for this vulnerable population. Nurses should advocate and educate this vulnerable population. Nursing around the world needs to feel the confident and the essential and significant contribution to the provision of safe, quality patient care. It is known that the nursing workforce is the largest group within the health care system. The theoretical and practical knowledge not only guide the nurses, but also the beliefs, values and personal thinking help them to emerging advance scope of practice. Homeless Hispanics are to be said the obstacle for the U.S. developing program ‘healthy people 2010 and its success. The Hispanics are suffering from different kinds of mental health problem which is day by day going to be uncontrollable. Homeless people do not get the at least primary health service in most of the cases. As it is known that by 2050, the Hispanics will be approximately 25% of the total U.S. population. So, these successes of the â€Å"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Healthy People 2010 goals† are very much dependent on their health care. What nurses can do in regarding homeless Hispanics or African American and their drug abuse problem Drug abuse among the Hispanics and African American minority, is a strong concern as it has a larger impact on future generation. The people who are involved in drug abuse can be considered as patient from the medical perspective. However, drug abuse is becoming a growing distress for the U.S. government as well as for the health and human service. The qualities of substance abuse treatment are of interest to both the government and the treatment service provider. There has been a little research on treatment outcomes of Hispanics and African American in substance abuse treatment. However, Nurses have the potential to continue integrated interventions from the perspective of health care setting. The needs of the patients vary with the change of health care setting and the function of nurses as well. So, the field nurses need to clarify their roles and functions in relation to both the setting where they work and the patients to whom they deal with. The healthcare professionals need t o demonstrate the effectiveness of what they are used to do and how they do to maintain the quality of patient care. Substance abuse is to be said as the abuse of alcohol and other drugs. â€Å"Most culturally distinct groups have used and abused alcohol and other drugs throughout the ages, and they have established codes of behavior in their approach to drugs and alcohol†. Alcohol and other drugs have been used among the Hispanics or African American minority for thousands of years. Socio-cultural beliefs can shape the approach to and behavior regarding substance use and abuse. Culture plays a central role in forming the expectations of individuals about potential problems they may face with drug use. For many social groups, this may provide a protective factor. An example is the use of alcohol by the ancient Aztecs before any contact with white settlers. Their use of alcohol was heavily regulated and was only for ceremonial purposes. Non-ceremonial use of alcohol was strictly forbidden under penalty of death.3,8 Another example is the development of the peyote cult in northern Mexico. Peyote was used in a ceremonial setting to treat chronic alcohol addiction. This use later became a central part of the Native American church, which provided important spiritual treatment for chronic alcoholism. Recent research found that despite declining trends in use of drug abuse among the American youth, drug use among Hispanics youth remains alarmingly high. So in this case what the nurses can do is the million dollar question. The nurses provide their service in very practical way and for that reasons the result or outcome is always good. The African American has the highest tendency to use the drug and it is more likely in the youth generation. but the homeless African American or Hispanics are considered as the vulnerable population and they have not the ability to deal with these problem. In regarding this matter, the nurses can be used as a very effective tool. However, nurses will teach this vulnerable population about the bad effects of drug abuse and how is ruining their personal and family life as well as the society. Nurses normally meet legal issues in their place of work. However, many of them are either unaware of their significance or unable to face these issues. Since the findings of the study identify that learning at workplace has been valuable to gain knowledge about law, it is needed to identify legal issues in their workplace. This will help them to increase their efficiency because knowledge about legal issues upgrades their sense about their tasks. These issues provide direction that what needs to do or not to do. They should focus only how the problem can be removed in this area. The â€Å"healthy people 2010† is not just a dream, it is more than that and the homeless Hispanics or African American are the barriers of this dream. This dream should be reflected by the activities performed by the nurses. Conclusion: Now-a-days nursing has developed its all functional activities in accordance with technological, political or socio-economical rapid change. The changing boundaries of professional responsibility and its influence on their scope of practice have been emerged. For the effective care the nurses must all work together toward a common goal to meet the needs and serving the interest of the patient. According to the UKCC code of professional contact, clause 4 states that in the exercise of professional accountability, the registered nurse must, â€Å"Acknowledge any limitations in your knowledge and competence and decline any duties or responsibilities unless able to perform them in a safe and skilled manner.† (Turnbull Mark) However, Hispanics are becoming a large portion of U.S. population day by day and they are in need of the proper health care services. A lot of barriers are involved in regarding their health problem whether it is mental or about drug abuse. The nurses are to be said as the key element who can work together in the field to make a better move of health care services for the homeless Hispanics and African American.